Decrease in Snow Reserves in Iran; Drought Continues for the Fourth Year

The head of the National Climate Center and the drought crisis manager of the Meteorological Organization pointed out a 30% reduction in water resources compared to 2022, stating that Iran is in its fourth consecutive year of drought and that snow reserves are significantly lower than normal conditions. Ohad Vazifeh identified increased water demand and the depletion of water resources as reasons for the drought in Iran. He noted that the effects of the past three years of drought are still present. According to Khabar Online, currently, only 18 dams in Iran have more than 50% of their water capacity. It has been reported that this year's precipitation up to February 9 has decreased by 30% compared to the same period last year. Ohad Vazifeh mentioned that this year, precipitation in Tehran is 45% below normal levels. This government official stated, "We are increasing the demand for water while resources are weakening, and as a result, the quantity and quality of water are affected." The news website of the Water Research Institute also quoted Mohammad Reza Kavyan, the head of the institute, saying that "the country is facing a new snow drought problem that the winter precipitation of the past two months and even the snow of February this year could not resolve." Meanwhile, recent evaluations from this institute indicate that the snow cover in Iran is on a negative and declining trend. Ohad Vazifeh also stated that snowfall is significantly below normal, and temperatures are above normal, causing the fallen snow to melt earlier than usual, resulting in snow reserves being much lower than normal conditions. On the other hand, while Iran is in the first half of the water year and the rainy seasons, domestic media reported on February 12 that the reserves of "17 important dams in the country" have decreased to "below 20%." According to a study published on January 24 about "the level of groundwater worldwide over the past four decades," Iran is among the three countries most affected by "rapid decline and extensive reduction of fresh water." Reuters, citing the scientific journal "Nature," reported that the level of groundwater worldwide has shown a "widespread" and "accelerated" decrease over the past 40 years, attributed to "unsustainable irrigation practices and climate change." Empty dams, dry wells, and disregard for warnings; a harsh spring and summer are on the way. A serious water shortage problem in 2024; a water analyst warns that widespread rural migration will lead to political instability. A new study indicates that if global warming is not controlled, the Himalayan glaciers will lose 80% of their volume.