The tax-exempt religious endowment that runs the Imam Reza shrine in Mashhad and controls an estimated $20 billion-plus in land and diversified holdings.
How to read this
Every claim below is labelled by evidentiary strength.
Documented = primary document or multiple credible outlets.
Official sanction = a government designation exists — a designation, not a court conviction.
Estimated = a credible estimate (estimator named).
Alleged / contested = reported but disputed or unproven.
Estimated
Astan Quds Razavi, custodian of the Imam Reza shrine in Mashhad, controls an estimated $20 billion-plus in land plus diversified industrial, financial and agricultural holdings.
Sources:
Iran Watch (Wisconsin Project) — "Astan Quds Razavi" • US Treasury/OFAC press release SM1234 (13 Jan 2021)
Documented
It has been exempt from both taxes and public accountability since a 1983 order by Khomeini, reaffirmed by Khamenei, and is not subject to parliamentary budget approval.
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